minyak kayu putih biasanya didapatkan dari daun pohon melaleuca

Kamimenjual berbagai macam produk minyak berkualitas untuk Kesehatan dengan harga terjangkau Tanamankayu putih (Melaleuca leudendron Linn) merupakan salah satu dari jenis pohon famili Myrtaceae yang merupakan tanaman asli dari Indonesia. Tanaman kayu putih juga termasuk tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri yang penting bagi industri minyak atsiri di Indonesia. Di Indonesia potensi tanaman kayu putih cukup besar mulai dari Maluku, Sulawesi Tenggara, Bali, Bahanbaku yang digunakan adalah daun kayu putih (Melaleuca leucadendron Linn) kuncup merah dengan metode destilasi uap selama 4 jam. varietas pohon kayu putih, penyimpanan daun, teknik penyulingan dan umur daun. Faktor-faktor inilah yang terdapat 7 komponen penyusun utama minyak kayu putih dari daun segar, yaitu : α-pinene, Sineol, α 33.2 Pengujian Warna Minyak Kayu Putih (Melaleuca leucadendra) 1. Dipipet 10 ml minyak kayu putih (Melaleuca leucadendron). 2. Dimasukkan kedalam tabung reaksi dan hindari adanya gelembung udara. 3. Disandarkan tabung reaksi yang berisi minyak kayu putih (Melaleuca leucadendron) pada kertas atau karton berwarna putih. 4. BeliDaun Kayu Putih Online terdekat di Dki Jakarta berkualitas dengan harga murah terbaru 2021 di Tokopedia! Pembayaran mudah, pengiriman cepat & bisa cicil 0% Rencontrer Des Gens Près De Chez Soi. Minyak kayu putih merupakan salah satu minyak atsiri yang biasa digunakan dalam sehari-hari. Produksi dalam negeri hanya dapat memproduksi minyak kayu putih 650 ton/tahun dari permintaan kebutuhan dalam negeri dalam setahun sebesar ton sehingga memacu pemalsuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan profil minyak kayu putih hasil destilasi dengan minyak kayu putih yang ada di pasaran berdasarkan mutu Standar Nasional Indonesia SNI. Destilasi minyak atsiri dilakukan dengan 5 kg daun kayu putih menggunakan metode destilasi uap air selama 3 hari didapatkan rendemen sebesar 2,32%. Minyak kayu putih hasil destilasi dan minyak produk A, B dan C dilakukan pengujian profil minyak berdasarkan SNI 06-3954-2006 meliputi warna, bau, bobot jenis, indeks bias, kelarutan dalam etanol 70%, dan profil KLT. Hasil pengamatan organoleptis minyak hasil destilasi, produk A, B, dan C memiliki perbedaan warna, bobot jenis, dan kelarutan dalam etanol 70% serta tidak ada perbedaan bau dan indeks bias. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan profil minyak produk A, B, dan C yang tidak memenuhi SNI pada pengujian bobot jenis pada produk C. KLT dengan menggunakan fase diam silika gel GF254 dan fase gerak Toluen 100%. Profil KLT pada produk C tidak terlihat noda yang sama dengan standar eucalyptol yang diperlihatkan oleh minyak lainnya. Keywords Analisis profil, Minyak kayu putih, SNI 06-3954-2006 To read the full-text of this research, you can request a copy directly from the has not been able to resolve any citations for this ZulkarnainAbdul Karim Antonius Rino VanchapoEfek samping asma yang tidak terkontrol dapat mempengaruhi pola tidur, aktivitas sehari-hari, kerusakan paru paru, dan berbagai komplikasi ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui pengaruh uap minyak kayu putih. Penelitian Quasi eksperimental dengan 40 sampel. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa uap minyak kayu putih efektif secara nyata menurunkan sesak napas pada penderita asma dengan skor p=0,000 dengan uji statistik Spearman rho. Uap minyak kayu putih dapat digunakan sebagai terapi nonfarmakologi untuk meredakan sesak napas pada penderita asma The current health concern to the entire world is the chronic respiratory disease caused by coronavirus 2 COVID-19. A specific treatment or proper therapy is still lacking, and the investigations from across the world for proper drug/vaccine development towards disease control are in progress. The Coronavirus replication takes place by the conversion of the polypeptide into functional protein and this occurs due to the key enzyme Main protease Mpro. Therefore, identification of natural and effective Mpro inhibitors could be a safe and promising approach for COVID-19 control. Methods The present in silico study evaluates the effect of bioactive compounds found in Eucalyptus and Corymbia species essential oil on Mpro by docking. Molecular docking of the major seven compounds of essential oil citronellol, alpha-terpineol, eucalyptol, d-limonene, 3-carene, o-cymene, and alpha-pinene with Mpro was studied by AutoDock and the properties were analysed by PreADMET and Biovia Discovery Studio visualizer. Results The calculated parameters such as binding energy, hydrophobic interactions, and hydrogen bond interactions of 6LU7 Mpro with Eucalyptus and Corymbia volatile secondary metabolites represented its scope as an effective therapy option against covid-19. Among the docked compounds, eucalyptol shows the least binding energy without toxicity. Conclusions The outcome of this study reported that the essential oil of Eucalyptus and Corymbia species, mainly eucalyptol can be utilized as a potential inhibitor against COVID-19 and also it can be used in its treatment. Hence, further analysis was required to explore its potential application in was applied to identify 24 main substances in Melaleuca cajuputi essential oil TA extracted from fresh cajeput leaves through steam distilling. The inhibitory capability of active compounds in the TA from Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam over the Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme 2 ACE2 protein in human body ‐ the host receptor for SARS‐CoV‐2 and the main protease PDB6LU7 of the SARS‐CoV‐2 using docking simulation has been studied herein. The results indicate that the ACE2 and PDB6LU7 proteins were strongly inhibited by 10 out of 24 compounds accounting for in the TA. The most powerful anticoronavirus activity is expressed in the order Terpineol TA2 ≈ Guaiol TA5 ≈ Linalool TA19 > Cineol TA1 > β‐Selinenol TA3 > α‐Eudesmol TA4 > γ‐Eudesmol TA7. Interestingly, the synergistic interactions of these 10 substances of the TA exhibit excellent inhibition into the ACE2 and PDB6LU7 proteins. The docking results orient that the natural Melaleuca cajuputi essential oil is considered as a valuable resource for preventing SARS‐CoV‐2 invasion into human body. This is the first time to simulate the inhibitory effect of compounds in Melaleuca cajuputi oil to the main proteins of SARS‐CoV‐2 PDB6LU7 and its host receptor ACE2. They are strongly inhibited by the individual inhibition as well as the synergistic interaction of 10 out of 24 compounds accounting for in this oil. The results orient that Melaleuca cajuputi oil is considered as a valuable resource for SARS‐CoV‐2 nilam yang diproduksi oleh petani lokal umumnya masih memiliki mutu rendah yang disebabkan oleh proses penyulingan yang relatif singkat serta masih menggunakan metode dan peralatan yang sederhana. Rasio refluks pada distilasi fraksinasi dapat digunakan sebagai perlakuan untuk meningkatkan mutu minyak nilam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari rasio refluks terhadap mutu dan karakteristik minyak nilam hasil distilasi fraksinasi serta kondisi proses yang terjadi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan analisis deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tiga variabel penelitian yaitu rasio refluks 201, 301, dan 401 dengan pengulangan sebanyak tiga kali, serta diatur untuk menghasilkan 3 fraksi cut pada masing-masing variabel penelitian. Parameter yang diukur meliputi rendemen proses, kadar patchouli alcohol, warna, bobot jenis, indeks bias, bilangan asam, dan kelarutan dalam etanol 90%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rasio refluks tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap karakteristik minyak nilam yang dihasilkan pada cut yang sama, kecuali pada nilai bilangan asam. Rasio refluks 201 sudah cukup baik dalam menghasilkan mutu minyak nilam, khususnya pada cut 3 karena memiliki kadar patchouli alcohol yang tinggi sebesar 85,39%, serta serta memiliki kondisi proses paling efisien karena memiliki waktu proses paling singkat, yaitu 13,28 jam serta menghasilkan rendemen tertinggi sebesar 95%.Kata Kunci distilasi fraksinasi, minyak nilam, rasio refluksRealized genetic gain of improved seed of cajuput from a breeding program and seed source x site interaction on the oil properties 1,8-cineole and oil yield was evaluated through the establishment of genetic gain trials in two sites Gunungkidul dan Ponorogo. Improved seed from two seed sources tested in the trials were first generation seedling seed orchard SSO-1 and selected superior seed trees in the SSO-1 SSO-2. As a control, unimproved seed from three seed sources natural stands in Maluku ST-1, plantation in Ponorogo ST-2 and Gundih ST-3 were also planted together in the trials. The genetic gain trial was established using a randomised complete clock design which consists of 5 tested seed sources, 20 treeplot, 8 replicates and spacing of 3 x 3m. The results of study showed that the realized genetic gain for the content of 1,8-cineole from SSO-2 over the controls ranged from to and the genetic gain of the oil yield ranged from to 26,43%. Meanwhile the realized genetic gain for SSO-1 ranged from to and to for the content of 1,8-cineole and oil yield,respectively. The non-significance of seed source x site interaction indicates that all improved seed from the first-generation seedling seed orchard of cajuput in Paliyan are most likely to be adaptable to the varies site in Gunungkidul and Ponorogo while maintaining the high productivity in oil ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji karakteristik penguapan air daun kayu putih pada berbagai kelas pertumbuhan pohon dan kualitas minyak yang dihasilkan dari jenis Asteromyrtus symphyocarpa. Sejumlah 9 pohon yang mewakili tingkat pertumbuhan 3 pohon, 3 tiang dan 3 pancang diambil sebagai sampel dari area Taman Nasional TN Wasur, Merauke. Masing-masing sampel pohon diambil 3 cabang yang mewakili cabang rimbun, sedang dan kurang rimbun. Masing-masing cabang diukur berat segarnya, dan diukur pengurangan beratnya sebagai penguapan air selama 5 hari berturut-turut. Penyulingan dilakukan di ketel dengan metode uap, dengan kapasitas ketel 12 kg daun kayu putih segar yang diulang sebanyak 5 ulangan. Penyulingan berlangsung selama 4-5 jam, dan setiap 30 menit minyak kayu putih hasil penyulingan dikumpulkan secara kumulatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat tiang memiliki berat daun segar tertinggi yaitu 163,56 g/cabang, disusul tingkat pohon dan pancang dengan berat daun segar masing-masing 160,22 g/cabang dan 142,33 g/cabang. Tingkat pohon memiliki rata-rata laju penguapan air daun tertinggi yaitu 7,89 g/hari, sementara pada tingkat pancang dan tiang berturut-turut hanya 6,47 g/hari dan 6,28 g/hari. Minyak kayu putih memiliki rendemen 0,33%, berat jenis 0,912, indeks bias 1,459, kelarutan dalam alkohol 11, putaran optik dan kadar sineol 80%. Kualitas minyak kayu putih secara keseluruhan dari daun pohon Asteromyrtus symphiocarpa bisa memenuhi standar SNI 06-3954-2006 dan termasuk kelas utamaU.Yun LiYanni LaiYao Wang Peiping Xu1,8-Cineol is a major monoterpene principally from eucalyptus essential oils and has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and inhibitory of nuclear factor NF-kB effect. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of 1,8-cineol on mice infected with influenza A virus. We found that 1,8-cineol protects against influenza viral infection in mice. Moreover, 1,8-cineol efficiently decreased the level of IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and MCP-1 in nasal lavage fluids and the level of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in lung tissues of mice infected with influenza virus. The results also showed that 1,8-cineol reduced the expression of NF-kB p65, intercellular adhesion molecule ICAM-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule VCAM-1 in lung tissues. Thus, 1,8-cineol appears to be able to augment protection against IFV infection in mice via attenuation of pulmonary inflammatory merupakan bagian yang paling penting dari pohon penghasil minyak kayu putih. Dimensi daun bervariasi antar genus, antar pohon dalam genus yang sama serta antar pohon dalam jenis yang sama. Sehubungan hal tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencermati karakteristik ukuran daun dan rendemen minyak atsiri serta melihat kemungkinan hubungan antara dimensi daun dan hasil minyak. Spesies yang diteliti terdiri dari Melaleuca viridiflora pohon bunga merah, M. viridiflora pohon bunga putih, M. cajuputi, Asteromyrtus brasii dan A. symphiocarpa, yang tumbuh alami di Taman Nasional Wasur, Merauke Papua. Dari lima jenis, sekitar 6 kg daun segar diambil dan disiapkan untuk proses destilasi uap. Secara total, ada sekitar 120 lembar daun sebagai sampel yang mewakili dimensi lima jenis tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Jenis M. Viridiflora bunga putih memiliki rata-rata dimensi panjang dan lebar daun terbesar, sedangkan jenis M. Cajuputimemiliki rata-rata panjang daun terkecil dan jenis A. brasii memiliki rata-rata lebar daun terkecil. Jenis A. Symphiocarpamemiliki rendemen terbesar yaitu 1,43 %, sedangkan sedangkan jenis M. viridiflora bunga merahmemiliki nilai rendemen terendah yaitu sebesarInflammatory diseases of the respiratory system such as rhinosinusitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or bronchial asthma are strongly associated with overproduction and hypersecretion of mucus lining the epithelial airway surface. 1,8-cineol, the active ingredient of the pharmaceutical drug Soledum, is commonly applied for treating such inflammatory airway diseases. However, its potential effects on mucus overproduction still remain the present study, we successfully established ex vivo cultures of human nasal turbinate slices to investigate the effects of 1,8-cineol on mucus hypersecretion in experimentally induced rhinosinusitis. The presence of acetyl-α-tubulin-positive cilia confirmed the integrity of the ex vivo cultured epithelium. Mucin-filled goblet cells were also detectable in nasal slice cultures, as revealed by Alcian Blue and Periodic acid-Schiff stainings. Treatment of nasal slice cultures with lipopolysaccharides mimicking bacterial infection as observed during late rhinosinusitis led to a significantly increased number of mucin-filled goblet cells. Notably, the number of mucin-filled goblet cells was found to be significantly decreased after co-treatment with 1,8-cineol. On a molecular level, real time PCR-analysis further showed 1,8-cineol to significantly reduce the expression levels of the mucin genes MUC2 and MUC19 in close association with significantly attenuated NF-κB-activity. In conclusion, we demonstrate for the first time a 1,8-cineol-dependent reduction of mucin-filled goblet cells and MUC2-gene expression associated with an attenuated NF-κB-activity in human nasal slice cultures. Our findings suggest that these effects partially account for the clinical benefits of 1,8-cineol-based therapy during rhinosinusitis. Therefore, topical application of 1,8-cineol may offer a novel therapeutic approach to reduce bacteria-induced mucus hypersecretion. Mercy Nisha PaulineNithyalakshmiThe orange peel which is considered as a waste can be used for the extraction of essential oil which has many applications ranging from food flavoring agent to cosmetics. Orange oil can be extracted by various conventional methods like steam distillation, solvent extraction. Novel methods like super critical CO 2 extraction, turbo distillation also has been employed. The conventional methods though simple are robust and the yield percentage is less whereas the novel methods are not cost effective. This paper focuses on improved steam distillation, where the orange peels are preheated before subjecting to distillation. The preheating enhances the oil yield and the water distillate can be used as such for further applications. This extraction procedure can also be used for the extraction of aromatic oils from other sources such as leaves, flowers, stem, wood as well. Key Words Improved Steam distillation, Conventional steam distillation, orange peels, Limonene Introduction Essential oils contain highly volatile substances that can be isolated by a physical method or process from plants of a single botanical species. The oils normally bear the name of the plant species from which they were derived. Few essential oils have been identified to possess a very good anti microbial effect. Immune system needs support and these essential oils can give the required endorsement. [D. Pandey et al.]. Orange is an excellent source of Vitamin C. Besides, oranges constitute Vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5, and B6, flavonoids, terpenes, potassium and calcium. They are also a very good source of dietary fiber [Milind et al., 2012]. Orange peel oil is the major oil produced worldwide and is used extensively in the food industry, primarily as a flavoring agent. It possesses a light, sweet, fresh top note with fruity and aldehydic character. Many household and personal-care products employ orange oil owing to its pleasing character, ability to blend with other aroma components, low cost and availability. Citrus peel and/or essence oils are being commonly employed as a top note component in some perfumes and colognes [Glen et al, 2007]. Orange fruit contains essential oil. D-limonene 1-methyl-4-1-methylethanyl cyclohexane is a monoterpene with a lemon-like odor and is a major constituent in several citrus oils. Limonene is a naturally occurring chemical which is used in many food products, soaps and perfumes for its lemon-like flavor and odor. Limonene also is a registered active ingredient in 15 pesticide products used as insecticides, insect repellents, and dog and cat leucadendron Linn. leaf oils from Gunung Kidul, Gundih and Sukun, Java, Indonesia, at tree ages of 5, 10, and 15 years were analyzed to elucidate their qualities and chemical compositions. These oils gave yields from to The samples from Gundih produced the highest yields compared to those from Gunung Kidul and Sukun. These oils were colorless with an odor typical of Melaleuca oils. The specific gravity of essential oils in this study ranged from to The samples from Gunung Kidul were the highest in specific gravity The refractive index values of oil samples ranged from to optical rotation ranged from − to − and ratio miscibility of oils in 70% ethanol ranged from 11 to 1 The organoleptic profiles and physicochemical properties of M. leucadendron Linn. leaf oils in this study were evaluated based on the Indonesian National Standard SNI 06-3954-2006 for standard quality of Melaleuca essential oils; only a few specific gravity values were below the standard. GC-MS spectrometry analysis indicated the presence of 26 compounds. Among them, 1,8-cineole α-terpineol d+-limonene and β-caryophyllene were the major components. Samples from each site tended to decrease in 1,8-cineole content and increase in β-caryophyllene content as plant age increased. α-Terpineol was highest at plant age 10 years, and d+-limonene varied according to plant site and is a complex mixture that contains nutrients and bioactive composition and chemical compositionthat is needed by the human body. Honey is also rich in antioxidants because it is prone to falsification given its manyproperties. This study discusses the chemical and nutritional profiles and the observation of counterfeiting in honey usingthe infrared septicroscopy method. The honey used is obtained from providers of native honey from Kalimantan forestswith 3 kinds of honey brands, namely Mahuka A MHA, Mahuka B MHB and Mahuka C MHC. Tests of chemicaland nutritional profiles included Water content, ash content, protein content, fat content and calcium levels followed byhoney counterfeiting observation using the Fourier Transform Infrared FTIR method with a combination of Partial leastsquare PLS calibration model and Principle Component Regression PCR. The results of all honey samples havevarying values in the water content between - Ash content of Protein content - content carbohydrate content. Observation of FTIR honey counterfeiting is used to replace the authenticity of Honey MH. FTIR combined with Partial Least Square PLS was optimized in the subsequent testing ofa mixture of sucrose MCS with native honey MH. Calibration models were taken in a combination of regions 1423 -1825 cm-1. A high coefficient of determination R2 of with a calibration value RMSEC of the root error of thesquare root low of v / v was successfully understood in the MHA on the PLS model. high R2 values and lowRMSEC and RMSEP values on calibration and validation assessments with both accuracy and precision models Elya SudradjatMinyak kayu putih adalah salah satu obat tradisional yang digunakan untuk penyakit saluran nafas seperti asma, sinusitis, dan paru-paru. Eucalyptol atau 1,8-sineol merupakan bahan aktif dari minyak kayuputih biasa digunakan untuk mengobati peradangan saluran nafas. Penelitian secara in vitro maupun in vivo menunjukkan bahwa 1,8-sineol memperlihatkan banyak khasiat. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengulas secara sistimatik dan komprehensif dari pustaka tentang kegunaan dari 1,8-sineol sebagai bahan obat untuk berbagai penyakit. Pustaka dikumpulkan melalui Pub Med dan Google Scholar sampai dengan tanggal 27 Mei 2020, dengan kata kunci 1,8-cineole, eucalyptol, respiratory, medicinal properties. Dari penelusuran literatur didapatkan 116 jurnal dari PubMed dan 51 jurnal dari Google Scholar, dan setelah duplikasi dihilangkan didapat 49 artikel untuk diulas. 1,8-Sineol bermanfaat untuk a anti inflamasi saluran nafas, b anti inflamasi, c anti mikroba, d anti virus, e anti kanker, f anti spasmodik, g analgesik, h obat penenang, i hipertensi, j farmakokinetik. Uji in vitro maupun in vivo menunjukkan bahwa 1,8-sineol memiliki banyak manfaat terhadap kesehatan. Untuk memperkuatnya diperlukan uji klinik pada manusia agar dapat dimanfaatkan oleh Tri RatnaningsihEnny Insusanty Azwin AzwinForest harvesting waste in the form of Ecalyptus pellita leaves can be utilized to be essential oil by distillation process. The research aimed to 1 to know the effect of duration of leaf storage on yield and quality of essential oil produced, 2. Comparing the quality of leaves essential oil with eucalyptus oil according to SNI. Methods taken by taking E. pellita leaf waste were then stored for 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 days then steam distillation and measured rendemen, specific gravity, sineol content and refractive index. The average oil yield of is with the highest yield of in leaves stored for 3 days. The best essential oil quality comes from leaves that have been stored for 3 days with specific gravity of 60% sineol content, refractive index and 80% alcohol solubility by 1 aim of this review is to describe the chemical characteristics of compounds present in honey, their stability when heated or stored for long periods of time and the parameters of identity and quality. Therefore, the chemical characteristics of these compounds were examined, such as sugars, proteins, amino acids, enzymes, organic acids, vitamins, minerals, phenolic and volatile compounds present in honey. The stability of these compounds in relation to the chemical reactions that occur by heating or prolonged storage were also discussed, with increased understanding of the behavior regarding the common processing of honey that may compromise its quality. In addition, the identity and quality standards were described, such as sugars, moisture, acidity, ash and electrical conductivity, color, 5-HMF and dias-tase activity, along with the minimum and maximum limits established by the Codex ZhaoJianbo SunChunyan FangFadi TangEucalyptol, also known as 1,8-cineol, is a monoterpene and has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect. It is traditionally used to treat respiratory disorders due to its secretolytic properties. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of 1,8-cineol on pulmonary inflammation in a mouse model of acute lung injury. We found that 1,8-cineol significantly decreased the level of TNF-α and IL-1β, and increased the level of IL-10 in lung tissues after acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide LPS. It also reduced the expression of nuclear factor kappa B NF-κB p65 and toll-like receptor 4 TLR4, and myeloperoxidase activity in lung tissues. In addition, 1,8-cineol reduced the amounts of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid BALF, including neutrophils and macrophages, and significantly decreased the protein content in BALF and the lung wet/dry weight W/D ratio. Its effect on LPS-induced pulmonary inflammation was associated with suppression of TLR4 and NF-κB expressions. Our results provide evidence that 1,8-cineol inhibits acute pulmonary inflammation, indicating its potential for the treatment of acute lung Activities of Essential Oils From Plant Chemoecology to Traditional Healing Systems JavadJ Sharifi-RadJ. Sharifi-rad et al., "Biological Activities of Essential Oils From Plant Chemoecology to Traditional Healing Systems Javad," Molecules, vol. 22, no. 70, identifikasi dan pemurnian senyawa 1,8-Sineol minyak kayu putih Malaleuca leucadendronR HelfiansahH SastrohamidjojoR. Helfiansah, H. Sastrohamidjojo, and Riyanto, "Isolasi, identifikasi dan pemurnian senyawa 1,8-Sineol minyak kayu putih Malaleuca leucadendron," ASEAN J. Syst. Eng., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 19-24, their botany, essential oils and usesJ J BrophyL A CravenJ C DoranJ. J. Brophy, L. A. Craven, and J. C. 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minyak kayu putih biasanya didapatkan dari daun pohon melaleuca